Properties Uses and Facts about Bromine
What is Bromine
Bromine is classified as a non-metal and chemically it is an element.
Bromine is located in group 17 of the
periodic table, all elements of this group are called halogens. Bromine has an atomic
mass of 79.904 AMU, atomic number 35, and symbol (Br). In the
Periodic Table,
Bromine is located in Group 17, Period 4 and Block (P). Its atom has 35
electrons, 35 protons, 45 neutrons and 4 energy levels. Bromine has a
density of 3.119 grams per cubic centimeter. Bromine is found in the liquid
state at room temperature, Its melting point is −7.2 °C (19 °F) and its
boiling point is 58.8 °C (137.8 °F).
Bromine was discovered by Antoine-Jerome Balard in 1774.
Properties of Bromine
- Bromine is a deep red colored oily liquid with a very disagreeable odor.
- Bromine is extremely toxic.
- Bromine is the only non-metal which is found in liquid state at room temperature.
- The chemical reactivity of bromine is less than that of fluorine and chlorine, but it is still a very chemically active element, so it is not found in pure state in nature.
- Bromine easily evaporates in the open air.
- Bromine is easily soluble in organic liquids, such as ethanol, ether, methanol, etc.
- Bromine is a bad conductor of electricity.
Uses of Bromine
- Bromine is used in the production of many types of chemicals, in which agricultural chemicals, pesticides, pharmaceutical chemicals, etc. are prominent.
- Compounds of bromine are used to make furniture foams, fabrics, carpets, drapes, electronic equipment, plastics, etc., somewhat flameproof or less flammable.
- Silver bromite is used as a chemical in photography.
- Organobromite was used in Halon fire extinguishers, which were used to extinguish fires in airplanes, but has been banned due to the damage they do to the Earth's ozone layer.
- Some compounds of bromine are used in medicine and to purify water.
- Bromine is used to make brominated vegetable oil, which is used as an emulsifier in some sour-flavored soft-drinks.
Interesting facts about Bromine
- Bromine is the 50th most abundant element on Earth.
- Bromine is found in far greater quantities in seawater than in the Earth's crust.
- Bromine was the first element to be extracted from sea water, today most bromine is produced from the Dead Sea in Israel.
- Bromine can cause severe skin damage when it comes in contact with the skin, and it can cause severe burns to the eyes, nose and throat when it comes in contact with its vapors.
- Bromine is present in trace amounts in almost all living organisms.
- Bromine and mercury are two such elements which are found in liquid state at room temperature (20 °C). Apart from these, another element is Gallium, which is found in liquid state at a temperature of 29.76 degree Celsius.
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