Iodic Acid, HIO3 | Properties | Uses | Other Details

Iodic Acid HIO3 Uses Properties and other Details

What is Iodic Acid

Iodic acid is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula HIO3. It is also known as monoiodic acid, triiodic acid, hydrogen trioxide, hydroxyiodiciodicidine, and iodic (V) acid. Iodic acid is a water-soluble solid and a halogen oxo-acid. It is the oxy-acid of iodine, which has a +5 oxidation state in this molecule. It is one of the most stable oxo-acids of the halogens in its pure state. This compound is a very strong acid and is often used to prepare solutions of weak and strong bases for titrations.

Iodic Acid Properties Uses and other Details

Properties of Iodic Acid

• Iodic acid appears as a white colored solid with a pungent odor.
• Its density is 4.62 grams per cubic centimeter.
• Its molar mass is 175.91 g/mol.
• Iodic acid is found in the solid state at room temperature, its melting point is 110 °C, and on further heating it begins to dehydrate to iodine pentoxide and decomposes.
• On heating it dehydrates to give iodine pentoxide. On further heating, iodine pentoxide further decomposes, forming a mixture of iodine, oxygen, and lower oxides of iodine.
• It is highly soluble in water.
• In acidic solution, it is a strong acid and a powerful oxidizer.
• Iodic acid is sensitive to light, and turns dark when exposed to light.

Uses of Iodic Acid

• Iodic acid is often used as a standardizing agent for solutions of weak and strong bases.
• It is used in the salt industry to synthesize sodium or potassium iodate salts. Using this iodic acid compound in the preparation of salt increases the iodine content of the salt.
• It is used as a strong acid.
• This compound has long been used for organic synthesis, because of its ability to selectively oxidize organic compounds.
• Iodine and iodic acid are used as an efficient combination of reagents for the iodination of aryl hydroxy ketones.
• It is used in analytical chemistry.

Other Details

• Iodic acid can be produced by oxidizing iodine with a strong oxidiser such as nitric acid HNO3, chlorine Cl2, chloric acid HClO3 or hydrogen peroxide H2O2. :- I2 + 6 H2O + 5 Cl2 ⇌ 2 HIO3 + 10 HCl. In each reaction, diatomic iodine loses electrons and forms a complex with hydrogen and oxygen. Because of its ionic and soluble properties, ionic acid is also a very strong acid.
• Iodic acid is a stable compound under normal conditions. Being a strong acid, it is extremely dangerous in case of skin contact, eye contact and ingestion. Apart from this, it is also very dangerous in case of inhalation. It can cause serious skin damage if it comes in contact with the skin. Contact with eyes may cause corneal damage or blindness. Skin contact may cause swelling and blistering. Inhalation of its dust will cause irritation to the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract.

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